Exceptions to the temperature–size rule: no Lilliput Effect in end‐<scp>P</scp>ermian ostracods (Crustacea) from Aras Valley (northwest Iran)

The body size of marine ectotherms is often negatively correlated with ambient water temperature, as seen in many clades during the hyperthermal crisis end-Permian mass extinction (c. 252 Ma). However, case ostracods, changes ancient events are rarely quantified. In this study, we evaluate ostracods Aras Valley section (northwest Iran) response to drastic warming at three taxonomic levels: class, order, species. At assemblage level, triggers a complete species turnover section, larger, newly emerging dominating immediate post-extinction for short time. Individual ostracod and instars do not show dwarfing or change an adaptation temperature stress crisis. This may indicate that might have been exceptions temperature–size rule (TSR), using mechanism does involve decrease size. be similar accelerated development despite constant instar sizes can observed some recent experimental studies responses thermal stress.